Portable hydraulic jack



June 15 1926.

L. T. KIMMERLE El AL PORTABLE HYDRAULIG'JACK Filed Oct. 27, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l June 15 1926. 1,588,966

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' PORTABLE HYDRAULIC JACK Y Filed oct. 27, 1924 2 shawls-snee: 2

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Patented June 15, 1926.

nissan; UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. y

LARND T. K11/[MERLE AND DANIEL S. K IMMERLE, 0F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

` PORTABLE HYDRAULIC JACK.

Application led October 27, 1924. Serial No. 746,216.

This invention relates to a truck, and especially to a hydraulic jack carried thereby and co0 erating therewith.

The o ject of the present invention is to generally improve and simplify the construction and operation of portable hydraul- -if'. jacksand especially to provide a jack of for use in garages and the like for li ting and handling automobiles, etc.; to provide a compound'plunger and"a pump cooperating therewith whereby a maximum lift may be obtained; to provide a handle whereby the truck may be steered and pulled, and which also serves the function of transmitting reciprocal movement to the pump; to provide a foot actuated pedal or lever whereby reciprocal movement may be transmitted to'the pump independent of the handle; to provide a positive stop which prevents lifting `of the compound plunger beyond" a predetermined elevation;y to provide a manual release which permits lowering of the compound plunger at any time desiredato provide means for lautomatically returning the compound plunger to lowered position when manually released; and further, to provide means for preventing escape of oil which may leak by the plungers.

One form whichfour invention may assume is exemplified in the following description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,-in which- Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section of the portable hydraulic jack.

` Fig. 2 is a plan vView of the same.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail section showing the vjack cylinderand the compound plunger mounted therein, said vien7 4showing the compound plunger in itslowered position.

Fig. 1v is a similar view showing thegimplunger in its half way elevat'd po- Fig. 5 'shows the compound plunger when maximum elevated position is obtained..

Fig. G is a cross-section on line 6-6 of Fig. 1. i f.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and particularly to Figs. 1 and 2. it will be noted that the portable hydraulic jack consists of a forward section A, an intermediate section B, and aI rear section C.

The rear section consistsl of a single casting in'which are formed a jack cylinder a pump cylinder 3, and. ae eil reservoir s hollow shaft or tube, and the rear section is also recessed, as indicated 'at 8, to receive the opposite end of the tube, the tube being secured in both recesses by pins, set-screws or otherwise, as indicated at 9. AThe forward section is otherwise provided with a pair of interspaced bearing lugs 10, between which is pivotally mounted, lon a shaft 11, a handle l12.l This handle is provided with a crank arm extension ,13, and this is connected through means of a rod 14. with a pump plunger 15 mounted in the pump cylinder 3, as will hereinafter be described.

The handle 12 serves two main functions, first, that of pulling and steering the truck, and secondly, that of transmitting a reciprocal movement to "the pump plunger 15.

-The handle 12 is provided with two or moreprojecting lugs, such as shown at 16, which are engageable with a yoke-shaped supporting member 17 pivot-ally secured to the upper end of the casting 5. This support engages the lower` lug 16 when it is desired to support the handle in a vertical position, as indicatedby dotted lines at 18. It engages the upper lug 16 when it is desired to support the handle in the full line position shown, and the support 17 may be completely lowered when it is desired to employ the handle for operation of the pump or plunger 1'5, and similarly when pulling the truck about.

The shaft 11. is extended beyond the bearing lugs 10, as shown at 19 and 20. Oneend of the shaft is perforated, as at 21, to permit a chain to pass therethrough for purposes hereinafter to be described, while the other end of the shaft serves the function of supporting a foot pedal 22. This foot pedal has a crank arm extension formed thereon, as indicated at 23. vThe foot pedal is provided for the purpose of transmittingreciprocal movement to the pump plunger 15 inde-- pendently of the steering arm 12, and this accomplished as follows: By referring te Figs. 1 and 2, it wil-l be noted that Tod 1e vis mounted within a tube 24, which is -secured to and carried by a coupling member` 25. .The rod 14 is reeiprocally mounted Wtht the tub@ and is therefore frs@ with,

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relation thereto, and also with relation to the coupling member 25. Just howit transmits reciprocal movement to the plunger l will later be described. I

Secured to the tube 24 is an arm 26, the lower end of which is forked, as shown at 26', and forming a connection between the fork and the crank arm 23 is a rod 27. Depression of the foot pedal 22 swings crank arm 23 in the direction of arrow a. This `movement is transmitted through rod 27 rod 14 is returned by swinging and arm 26 to tube 24, coupling 25, and plunger 15, and the plunger is thus forced inwardly into the cylinder. Other means are provided for returning the plunger and the mechanism actuating it, and this is accomplished by employing a spring, such as shown at 28; that is, depression of the .foot pedal forces the plunger inwardly and release of the foot pedal permits the spring 28 to return the plunger and the pedal. It should be noted that the foot pedal operates entirely independent of the steering arm 12. This is due to the' fact thatthe rod 14 is not connected with the tube 24, nor is the tube 24 connected with the rod. In other words, tube 24 may reciprocate on the rod, or the rod may reciprocate within the tube. The tube reciprocates o n the rod wheny the foot pedal mechanism is actuated, and the rod reciprocates within the tube when the steering arm is operated.

The foot pedal is only employed for the F purpose of pumping oil into the jack cylinder so as to raise the plungers until the load is engaged by means of the member 34. The

supporting member 17 is then folded downwardly and the steering arm 12 is asped by its handle and swung about the pivot 11. This handle presents a larger lever` arm vand as such permits introduction of oil under greater 'pressure than could be obtained by the foot pedal mechanism. It is for this reason that the arm 12 is employedy when the load is engaged and is to be raised. Arm 12 transmits reciprocal movement through the crank arm 13 and rod 14; that is, the inner end of the rod 14 engages the forward end of the coupling member 25 and as such forces the plunger 15 inwardly. The spring 28 again serves the function of returning the plunger, thev coupling and the tube, while movement of the arm 12 and the crank 13. Y

. The cylinder 2 supports.. a compound plunger consisting of two sections, such as in dlcated at 29 and 30. The plunger 3() is slidably mounted in the cylinder 2 and its lower end is slightly enlarged, as shown at 31, to limit its upward movement; that is, the cylinder 2 is slightly reduced in diameter adjacent its upper end and as such forms an annular shoulder with which the plun er engages when it reaches its maximum e evation, as shownin Fig. 4. The lower enf larged end of the plunger is also provided with a cup-leather or other suitable packing member 32, so as to reduce leakage to a minimum, and it is furthermore hollow to 4the plunger is provided with a shoe or support, such as shown at 34, whereby the art to be lifted may be engaged and it is ot er- `wise 4provided with an interior helical spring, such as shown at 35, whereby the plungers are automatically returned to lowered position when the oil pressure is released; the spring 35 being secured at its 'upper en d to a lug 36 formed within the plunger 29, and being secured at. its lower end to a lug 37 formed in the cylinder head 2, by which the lower end of the cylinder is closed. Plunger 29 is also enlarged at its lower end, as indicated at 29, and the upper end of plunger 30 is proportionately reduced, thus forming an'annular shoulder or stop which limits upward movementv .of plun er 29.

Oi under pressure is delivered to the cylinder 2 for the urpose of. elevating the plungers. This 011 is taken' from lthe reservoir 4. It passes through a check-valve 40 interposed between the reservoir andthe cylinder 3 and enters the cylinder 3 during the suction stroke'o the plunger 15. The oilthen passes out through 'a passage 41 and a check valve 42, and finally enters the lower end of the cylinder through a passage 43.

The leverage obtained by the handle 21 through `means of the crank 13 is considerable and when the small area of the-plunger 15 is taken into consideration, it can be seen that oil can be transferred from the reservoir to the jack cylinder under practically any pressure desired. The passage 43 also connects with a by-pass passage 44, which is employed as an oil return passage between the cylinder andthe reservoir. A valve 45 is mounted in this passage and this is provided with an extended rod 46, which passes through a lug in the forward casting 5. By referring to Figs. 2 and 6, it will be noted that rod 46 1s bent downwardly and inwardly, as indicated by the numerals 47 and 48 respectively. Section 48 terminates in an eve 49 to which is attached a chain 50. Y This and 30. The valveis vheld in closed position' by means of the sprin 52, which surrounds the rod 46. One end o the spring s secured` to a collar 53 on the rod, while the other end is secured tothe lug through which the rod passes. The spring is under tension and as such permits a turning movement to the rod and valve towards closed osition, and this movement is limited so t at the rod and valve cannot turn beyond closed position. Y

This is accomplished by bending the rod, as shown at 47. The lower end ofthe bend engages the side of the casting A (see Fig. 6) when the valve reaches closed position, and it thus serves as a stop when closed position is reached. The extension 48 serves as a lever to turn the rod and valve to open position; that is, chain 5() is attached to this lever and it is therefore only necessary to pull upwardlyon the chain when it is desired to open the valve and tov release the chain when closing the valve, as spring 52 will automatically close it. The spring insures a positive and automatic return of thev plungers when the valve is opened, and is of considerable importanceas it forces the oil under pressure back to the reservoir. The oil employed maybe ordinary lubricating oil or otherwise, but it is well known that such oils become fairly thick and. viscous', particularly oncold mornings, and it is therefore of considerable importance to employ means for forcibly returning the oil to the reservoirwhen it is desired to lower the lifting plungers, as they might otherwise have a tendency to stick or at least return with a very slow movement.

Means are provided for limiting the upward movementof the plungers, as previously stated, and means are also employed for preventing escape of leakage oil. To limit upward movement 0f the plungers, an annular shoulder 31 is formed on the lower plunger. This annular shoulder engages a. .similar annular shoulder 311formed in the upper end/of the cylinder and a positive stop is thus formed. Movement of the upper plunger is limited in a similar manner, b forming an annular shoulder 31b on 'the plunger and an annular shoulder 31c on the upper end of the lower plunger. To prevent escape of leakage oil, a pair ef` annular grooves 1s formed, as indicated at 60 and 61. The, annular' groove 60 is formed in the upper end Tof. the plunger cylinder and it is connectedywith .the oil reservoir through means of ape'rt 62. The annular groove 61 1s formed ian-,the upperv end ofthe lower plunger and lift-viik-'qinmuncates with a port- `63s formedin tls'lower plunger. lThis port is adapted tojcdmmunicate with the annular groove 60`when theI upper plunger is completely extended and" esca of leakage oil 1s thus prevented.. For instance, ,anyl oil which may leak b 'the Ilower packing Twill collect in the annu ar groove 60 and will thus be .drained .b'a'ckbto the oilx. reservoir. Similarly, any 011 which may. leakbytlre bythe annular groove 61 and will therefore drain through ports 62 and 63 back to the reservoir, and to positively prevent any oil from working out beyond the upper plunger, a stuiling box is formed at the point indicated at 6 p.

The jackis particularly intended for garage use and should therefore be constructed so that it may be readily moved about from place to place. This is taken care of by supporting the truck at the forward end by means lof the caster 6, and the rear end by means of a pair of wheels, such asindicated at 70. The jack, so mounted, may be readily vpulled about from place to place andas it is operated entirely from the for- Ward'end, it is possible to run it in under an automobile, where the shoe 34 may be brought in alignment with the part to bey engaged.4 It is then only necessary to alternately depress the foot pedal so that oil under slight pressure istransferred from the reservoir into the jack cylinder. The oil just delivered quickly raises the, plungers until the shoe 34 engages with the `part to be. elevated. lf theload is not very heavy, depression of the foot pedal may be continued and the load raised, but if the load is too great for easy operation of the foot pedal, it is only necessary to lower the supporting member 17 soas to permit free operation of the handle 12. yThis handle, as pre,- viously described, is lifted up and down by the operator and this movement is in turn transmitted to reciprocate the plunger. The leverage produced by the handle 12 is soA reat that practically any load may be lifted.

he plungers 29 and 30 will thus move in unison until the annular shoulders 31 and 31a engage. The lower plunger is there positively stopped and the upper plunger 29 30 if further elevation is desired; its `exy treme elevation being reached when the annular shoulders 31b and 31 engage. lf it is desired to release Athe jack when the work is' completed, it is lonly necessary to open the valve 45 by Ypulling upwardlyon 'the chain 50; The oil will then quickly return to the reservoirthrough the passages 43 and 44, whether `the oil be cool or otherwise, as the tension of the vspring 35 will exert a" suilicient pull to rapidly lower the plungers and simultaneously return the oil to the reservoir. l

A hydraulic jacktruck constructed, as here shown, is simple, substantial and easy to operate. Rapid elevationof the plungers may be obtained by use of the foot pedal and slowerelevation lof heavier loads that are encountered is obtained by operating 'the handle 12. Leakage oil is taken care of by the annular grooves 60 and 61 and the return passages formed and the jack are thus clean and, practically speaking, leak-proof.A

While certain features of the present in-v vention are more or less specifically illustrated, we wish it understood that various ,changes-.in form and proportion may be' resorted to within the scope of the appended claims. We similarly wish it understood that the materials and finish of thek several scoping with relation to each other' and thel scribed, a jack cylinder, an oil reservoir ad-y parts employedmay'be such as the experience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate or various uses may demand.

Having thus described our invention, what We claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. Ina hydraulic jack of the character described, a' jack cylinder, an oil reservoir adjacent the same, a pair of plungers mounted in the cylinder, said plungers telecylinder, means for transferring oil under pressure from the reservoir to the cylinder to elevate the plungers in unison, and means `for automatically by-passing oil which leaks by the plungers back to the reservoir when they reach maximum elevation.

2. In a hydraulic jack ofthe character `rclejacent the same, apair y,of plungers mounted in the cylinder, said plungers telescoping with relation to each othery and the cylinder, means for transferring oil under pressure from the reservoir to the cylinder to elevate the plungers in unison, means for returning leakagev oil which escapes from the cylinder back to the reservoir While the plungers are being elevated and when the plungers uhave vassumed a predetermined elevation, means scribed, a jack cylinder having a leakage passage formed in its upper end, an oil res'- ervoir adjacent the cylinder and in communication with the leakage passage, a main and a secondary plunger telescoping with relation to each other and the cylinder, means for transferring oil under pressure from the reservoir to the cylinder to elevate the plungers in unison, said main plunger, havinga leakage passage formed therein'adapted to receive leakage oil from the secondary Aplunger at one end and sonpositioned that the other end ofthe leakageV passage will'v register with the leakage passage in the cylinder whenthe main plunger reaches maximum elevation so that leakage oil from the secondary and the main plunger may bereturned to the reservoir, and mea-ns for releasing the oil under pressure in the cylinder when itis desired to lower the plungers.

4.'In-a truck of the character described, a jack Cylinder? a plunger mounted therein,

an oil reservoir, a pump cylinder and' plunger .adapted to transfer oil from thev reservoir to the jack cylinder, a handle on the truck for pulling and steering the same, means for transmitting movement from the handle to reciprocate the pump plunger, a foot-actuated pedal on the truck, and means for transmitting movement therefrom to reciprocate the plunger independently of the handle.

5. In a truck of the character described, a jack cylinder, a plunger mounted therein, an oil reservoir, a pump cylinder and plunger adapted to transfer oil from thevreservoir to the jack cylinder, a pair of levers pivotally mounted on the truck, 4one being hand and the other being foot-actuated, and means lfor transmitting movement from either lever to reciprocate thepump plunger.

6. In a truck of the character described, a jack cylinder, a plunger mounted therein, an oilreservoir, a pump cylinder and plung- 'er adapted to transfer oil from the reservoir to the jack cylinder, a pair of levers pivotally mounted on the truck, one? being handactuated and the other being foot-actuated, means for transmitting' movement from either lever to reciprocate the pump plunger in one direction, and other means for returning tle plunger.

7. In a truck of the character described, a jack cylinder, a plunger mounted therein,

, an oil reservoir, a pump cylinder and plunger adapted to transfer oil from the reservoir to the jack cylinder, a pair of levers pivotally mounted on the truck, Aone being handactuated and the other being foot-actuated, means for transmitting movement from either lever to reciprocate the pump plunger ,in one direction, and other means for returning the plunger, said means also adapted to return the foot-actuated lever to a predetermined normal position.

8. In a truck of the character' described, a jack cylinder, a plunger mounted therein,

.an oil reservoir, a pump cylinder and plunger adapted to transfer oil from the reservoir to thejackcylinder, a pair of levers pivotall',7 mounted on the truck, one being handactuated and the other being foot-actuated, a crank arm extension on each lever, a coupler secured to the pump plunger, a tube carried thereby, a rod connected with one crank arm and extending into the tube, said vrod ybeing reciprocal ,within the tube and adapted to engage the coupler to force the plunger inwardly, an arm secured to the tube and coupler, and a rod connecting said arm and the other crank arm.

9. In a truck of the characterv described,

a` jack cylinder, a plunger mounted therein,

an oil reservoir, a pump cylinderand plunger adapted to transfer oil from the reservoir l usages actuated and the other being` foot-actuated, a crank arm 4extension on each lever, a coupier secured-to the pump plun er, a tube carried thereby, a rod connecte With one crank arm and extending into the tube, saidv rod being reciprocal Within the tube and adapted to engage the coupler to force the plunger inwardly, an arm secured to the v tube and coupler, a rod connecting said arm and the other crank arm, and a spring for reversing the movement of the plunger and the foot-actuated mechanism.

. l0. In a truck of the character described, a casting disposed at one end thereof, said casting having an oil reservoir formed therein, a jack cylinder, and a pump cylinder, said casting also having passages formed therein communicating with the oil reservoir, the pump cylinder and the jack cylinder, and said casting also having a return passage formed therein communicating with the jack cylinder and the oil reservoir, a pair of interspaced Wheels supporting `the casting, a cylindrical elongated rod secured vin the opposite end of the casting, al second casting secured to the opposite end of said rod, said casting being supported by 'a single caster Wheel, and meanscarried by said last named cast-ing for operatinga pump in the pump reciprocal therein, said plunger having a central cylinder chamber formed therein and a vertically disposed leakage passage which .communicates at its upper end with the upper end of the central cylinder chamber, the` lower end of said leakage passage adapted to register with the leakage passage lin the cylinder when a predetermined position is assumed, a stuffing box at the upper end of the central cylinder chamber and above the leakage passage in the main plunger, a second plunger extending through said stuffing box and reciprocal in the central cylinder chamber of the rst named plunger, means for transferringV oil under pressure from thel reservoir to the cylinder to elevate the plung ers in unison, and means for releasing the oil iinder pressure in the cylinder When it is desired to lower the plungers.

LARNED Te KIMMERLE.

DANIEL S. KIMMERLE 

